Connecting & the non-connectors

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Alef

/â / a / o/

آبâb

water

Lesson reference

ا Alef, â / a / o
Forms: ا · ا · ـا · ـا
آب (âb), water
Silent at the beginning of words, carries vowels
د Dâl, d
Forms: د · د · ـد · ـد
دوست (doost), friend
Non-connecting letter
ذ Zâl, z
Forms: ذ · ذ · ـذ · ـذ
ذهن (zehn), mind
Pronounced like 'z' in Persian (like 'th' in Arabic)
ر Re, r
Forms: ر · ر · ـر · ـر
روز (rooz), day
Rolled 'r', non-connecting letter
ز Ze, z
Forms: ز · ز · ـز · ـز
زیبا (zibâ), beautiful
Non-connecting letter
ژ Zhe, zh
Forms: ژ · ژ · ـژ · ـژ
ژاپن (zhâpon), Japan
Unique to Persian, like 's' in 'measure'
و Vâv, v / u / ow
Forms: و · و · ـو · ـو
ورزش (varzesh), exercise / sport
Non-connecting, can be consonant 'v' or vowels 'u/ow'